updated 7:10 p.m. ET Oct. 15, 2011
Guatemala (4-0) is assured of winning Group D in the second round with two games remaining. The U.S. and Jamaica had byes through the first two rounds in the North and Central American and Caribbean region.
The fourth nation in the semifinal group, which starts play in June, will be Antigua (4-0) or Haiti (3-0-1), which are competing for the Group F lead. The two nations play Nov. 11 in Antigua and four days later in Haiti.
Myron Samuel scored in the 62nd minute for St. Vincent, and Clive Murray tied the score two minutes into injury time for Grenada. Both countries are 1-2-1.
Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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More newsManchester City defeated Aston Villa and overtook rival Manchester United at the top of the Premier League after the defending champions were held to a 1-1 draw at LeBron James' Liverpool.
No one could have predicted the brilliant but flawed gem of England would become such a disappointment and liability.
Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/44916319/ns/sports-soccer/
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In findings with major implications for the genetics of cancer and human health, researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and two other science teams in New York City and Rome have uncovered evidence of powerful new genetic networks and showed how it may work to drive cancer and normal development.
Four papers published online Oct. 14 in the journal Cell describe aspects of what may be a fundamentally new dimension of genetic activity that involves a vast posse of RNA molecules interacting and manipulating the molecular endgame behind the scenes. Each paper used a different approach, strengthening the basic discovery of the new RNA network.
In the half-century old central dogma of molecular biology, DNA issues its genetic blueprint to messenger RNA, which relays the orders to the protein-making machinery of the cell. The new studies suggest a significant new role for RNA on top of its traditional middle-management job: The RNA of one gene can control and be controlled by dozens or hundreds of RNAs of other genes.
In the case of a major tumor suppressor gene, PTEN, a shift in the associated RNA network appears to be as malevolent as a mutation in the gene itself in human prostate and colon cancer cells, in glioblastoma cells, and in a mouse model of melanoma, according to three of the papers.
The findings may enlarge the framework for investigating how tumors form and progress, who is at risk for cancer, and how to find and disable the essential misbehaving molecules that drive the growth and spread of cancer.
"For instance, we now know that the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is talking to a vast unrecognized RNA network," said Pier Paolo Pandolfi MD PhD, director of the Cancer Genetics Program at BIDMC and George C. Reisman Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and the senior author of two of the papers. "The RNAs talk through a new language. If this language is broken and the RNA network is perturbed, PTEN goes down, and this has devastating consequences. But it's incredibly exciting for therapeutic possibilities. You may be able to rewire the crosstalk between the RNAs for cancer prevention and therapy."
Scientists typically use genetic studies to probe how changes in the DNA code influence the action of the proteins. Targeted therapies have arisen from efforts to counteract the effect of problematic proteins, yet most of the genetic determinants of cancer remain a vexing puzzle. The newly discovered RNA network could explain much of the elusive genetic variation underlying cancer and other diseases, say authors of the papers.
The new RNA regulatory network also appears to extend into the massive non-protein-coding region of the human genome and plays an important role in normal muscle development, suggests another related paper in Cell. Because humans share so many protein-coding genes with other organisms, including worms and yeast, this large portion that is transcribed into non-coding RNA makes the human genome distinctive. Much of the function of that non-coding RNA has been a mystery.
"Almost all of the scientific analysis of cancer genes focuses on the protein-coding genes," Pandolfi said, referring to the two percent of the human genome where instructions are passed from DNA to RNA to proteins. "We know that nearly half of the genome is transcribed into RNA that doesn't code for protein. Through this new 'language' of RNA, we can functionalize this space."
How it works
The newly discovered network of RNA molecules converse through tiny targeted molecules called microRNAs, Pandolfi and his colleagues have found. RNAs share a vocabulary composed of specific sequences along their strands called microRNA response elements (MREs). RNAs compete for certain matching microRNAs. Once attached, microRNAs disable their host RNA molecules. It works through simple math: An increase in RNA can sponge up more microRNA, allowing other RNA to go about their business unhindered.
Scientists have known for a decade that microRNA can block RNA and prevent it from being translated into proteins. Some research has advanced to harnessing specific small microRNA molecules as experimental therapeutic tools to block individual protein-coding genes. What's new in the Cell papers is the idea of reverse logic -- that a large RNA network uses microRNA as a regulatory language.
Tantalizing hints of this newfound regulatory network have shown up in recent studies from several labs. Last year, Pandolfi's group reported that both PTEN and its nemesis, the common cancer-promoting gene KRAS, have doppelgangers known as pseudogenes in the non-coding regions of the genome, which act as decoys for targeted microRNA, greatly influencing the activity of the two cancer genes.
This August, Pandolfi and his co-authors named this RNA language and network activity "competing endogenous RNA" (ceRNA, pronounced SIR-na) in a Cell essay. The paper synthesized the emerging experimental evidence in a new theory. They proposed that ceRNA activity greatly expanded the functional genetic information in the human genome and played important roles in diseases, including cancer.
The ceRNA hypothesis adds a major new layer to the highly regulated basic players defined by the central dogma of molecular biology ? DNA, RNA and proteins. Other more established regulatory networks that keep cells healthy -- and break down in disease -- include small molecules added to proteins, such as the recycling label called ubiquitin. Another layer called epigenetics acts on the DNA and its packaging to lock or unlock certain genes.
The findings in the papers
Two of the Cell papers use a combination of bioinformatics and experimental evidence to connect the PTEN tumor suppressor gene to a network of several hundred RNA molecules in close communication.
One of the new papers from the Pandolfi lab linked about 150 new genes to the tumor suppressor PTEN in human prostate and colon cancer cell lines. Working with a collaborator at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, postdoctoral fellow Yvonne Tay and her co-authors scanned the RNA transcripts of protein-coding genes based on their MRE sequences and then tested a few of the results. "Surprisingly, PTEN can be regulated by a lot of other genes through the ceRNA network," Tay said.
In an independent paper, a team in the lab of Andrea Califano at Columbia University in New York evaluated glioblastoma RNA and microRNA expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, a public database. They found a network in which more than 500 genes regulate PTEN. Of these, 13 are frequently deleted in glioblastoma and seem to work together through the microRNA language to squelch the tumor suppressor activity as if the tumors had mutations or deletions of PTEN itself.
"All these papers address different aspects of this compelling story and reinforce each other," said Califano, who also found RNA networks that appeared to communicate by other means. "PTEN is just an example. In each cell, different cliques of genes are connected by this microRNA-mediated network, including all the established oncogenes and tumor suppressors. This layer explains a significant amount of genetic variability in cancer. It allows genes that have nothing to do with the typical oncogene or tumor suppressor to gang up and regulate it. The discovery of this network allows us to discover genes never before associated with a tumor type or disease."
In a second paper from the Pandolfi group, mutations in the PTEN RNA network speeded up the growth of cancer in a mouse model of melanoma. Postdoctoral fellow Florian Karreth and his co-authors discovered possible new PTEN ceRNAs in a mutagenesis screen of a mouse model of melanoma. With the help of a bioinformatics team from the University of Turin, they did an in-depth analysis of one ceRNA (ZEB2) that is reduced in human cancer and verified that its reduction accelerated cancer progression in the mice. Interestingly, while the ZEB2 ceRNA opposes melanoma by sponging the microRNAs that would otherwise repress PTEN's tumor suppression activity, the ZEB2 protein is known to promote other cancers. "It is astonishing that RNA and protein molecules encoded by the same gene can take part in opposing biological processes," Karreth said.
The final study extends functional evidence of the new RNA network phenomenon to the normal differentiation of human muscle cells and to the large realm of human non-coding RNAs. Irene Bozzoni's group at the Sapienza University of Rome found that a long non-protein coding RNA works similarly as a decoy for microRNAs in normal muscle differentiation in mice and humans. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the decoy RNA is missing at a crucial time, preventing muscle cells from maturing.
"This explains in part why Duchenne cells have trouble, and it gives us another circuitry to attack in order to cure the disease," said Bozzoni, who heard about Pandolfi's ceRNA hypothesis at a meeting last year. "We have been working on noncoding RNA and microRNA for quite a long time. This cross-talk of RNAs through microRNAs is a revolutionary idea."
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Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center: http://www.bidmc.harvard.edu
Thanks to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center for this article.
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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/114283/Researchers_discover_hidden_genetic_influence_on_cancer
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?Cancer is the growth of madness denied.? ? Norman Mailer (1923 -2007 ), U.S. Author An American Dream, Ch. 8 (1965)MANILA, Philippines ? There are seven reasons to get cancer (and maybe three not to).1. Genetic predisposition. What runs in families is NOT cancer but the predisposition to get it.
There must be other environmental factors present for cancer to manifest. Supposing Mom had breast cancer and Dad had cancer of the colon, the children are therefore at a higher risk, that?s true. But having accepted the fact, there is now the responsibility of scheduling earlier than average checkups. 2. Tobacco smoke. In the US, smoking causes 30% of cancer deaths. Even second-hand smoke causes cancer! Smoking not only causes lung cancer, it is also associated with cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus (food pipe), and even the liver, pancreas, and stomach. Unrepentant smokers of course will tell you, ?Cancer cures smoking.? And let?s agree that?s funny until they?re told they have cancer.3. Alcohol. We are talking about heavy drinking here which is more than two drinks a day for men or one drink a day for women. A ?drink? is one 12-ounce bottle of beer, one 5-ounce glass or wine, or one 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits. Alcohol abuse can lead to cancer of the liver, mouth, throat, stomach, and esophagus.4. Carcinogenic chemicals. We don?t really need to be surprised that we inhale these every day in Metro Manila ? diesel exhaust, for example. Other carcinogens are asbestos, benzene, and formaldehyde. 5. Ultraviolet radiation. 90% of skin cancers can be blamed on ultraviolet B rays that damage DNA. Ultraviolet rays are of course the radiation from the sun?s rays. The earth has been increasingly unprotected because of the depleted ozone layer of the atmosphere that we have all destroyed with chemicals such as CFC (chlorofluorocarbon).6. Ionizing radiation. Again DNA damage which causes genetic mutation, hence your cancer. Xrays are the most likely culprits for producing this kind of radiation and it?s a good idea to get them only when necessary.7. Bad Diet, Carcinogenic Foods, and Free Radicals. An unhealthy diet high in fat tends to block out the healthy food that we ought to be eating. Animal fat, when oxidized in our bodies, produce free radicals. Now free radicals are highly damaging chemical compounds to DNA. Finally, carcinogenic foods abound. Unfortunately, these are the ones we relish: salted, pickled, and smoked foods.Top 3 ways to prevent cancer now. 1. Stop tobacco use. This necessarily includes not only cigarette smokers but also cigar and pipe aficionados. Tobacco chewing is not safe either.2. Start a healthy diet. The focus is on eating 5 to 10 servings a day of fruits and vegetables. To actually be able to do this leaves little room for unhealthy foods particularly because these high-fiber, vitamin-rich foods give a lasting feeling of fullness.3. Exercise 30 minutes a day. Eating right and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce cancer risk up to 40%. Now for many people, 30 minutes of exercise is extreme and not doable. However, the idea is to rack up the minutes from housework and keeping physically active at work (taking stairs instead of elevators, walking to lunch, etc.).E-mail jspujalte@yahoo.com webpage http://www.orthopedicspujalte.com
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Source: http://breastcanceraware.net/2011/10/cancer-gamble/
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Now that you have made the choice of where to build in this beautiful city of Austin, your subsequent decision is as essential as it gets. Your Austin real estate should be built by the most highly experienced Austin home builder. This city is the perfect place to work and raise your family. A large number of individuals have chosen to seek new homes in Austin Texas because of the plentiful career opportunities, wonderful surroundings, incredibly friendly people, not to mention the project and eco-friendly-minded Austin homebuilders just aching to help you in the design of the home of your dreams.
You?ll be in awe of the adjoining areas as you take into account the many choices for building new homes in Austin Texas. There are many outdoor activities associated with Austin, for instance the golf courses, parks, hiking, running and biking trails as utilized by Lance Armstrong, five time champion of the Tour de France. There is no doubt regarding it, when and where you choose to build your new home in Austin is important.
The plethora of real estate Austin TX has available is incredible. There are condos, ranch homes, lofts, courtyard designs, craftsman styles, southwestern design, Tuscan-style, single or two story or a combination of both?the list is endless and only restricted by your creativeness. Bear in mind that you might like to incorporate a swimming pool or animal quarters. You may be an artist who has selected to live in this musically influenced city, and would like to integrate a music room in your new house? Are you sports minded and wish to build a court for basketball or a mini chipping green into your home layout? For the culturally-minded, wouldn?t you like seeing a piece of sculpture in your home as a part of the atmosphere you generate for relaxation in your surroundings? The inspiration you can get from the museums, gardens and galleries, can provide you hours of excitement searching for ideas.
The Austin real estate appearance you could be dreaming of for could be found simply by strolling through the already existing neighborhoods. Here you?ll find many ideas which will probably offer you some motivation. The constructors may help with the renovation of existing houses. Maybe you?d rather build your own resort type home, complete with spa, workout room and swimming pool. Are you an old-fashioned type? You can plan your perfect kitchen. Possibly a craftsman house is more your style. Your distinctive Austin TX real estate design would be to maybe, integrate a number of the old with some of the new architectural designs. Be bold and think creatively when working with top notch contractors and real estate agents to design an ideal Austin real estate, or choose from a variety of beautiful Austin TX real estate already built and waiting for possession.
The numerous restaurants available for your dining satisfaction could keep you busy for a long time. The city is abounding with a lot of entertainment, from the outstanding talents both local, and traveling through musicians and performers. The club scene is guaranteed to please, plus ballet, opera and theater, and the art and music festivals are also certain to keep you occupied. Austin home builder decisions are both comforting and can be your greatest pleasure. Use careful thought and analysis of your choices in relation to producing or remodeling real estate Austin TX style. We are here to show you through every step of the procedure.
Learn more about Austin real estate. Stop by Addison Z. Bush?s site where you can find out all about new homes in Austin Texas and what it can do for you.
Source: http://www.tuffindia.com/austin-real-estate-building-firms-make-the-best.html
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In business, presentation is everything. It?s crucial that you give a good presentation not only of yourself but also of your business if you want people to invest their hard-earned money on you. Fortunately, it?s easy these days to give your business a good presentation. There are materials you can use that will ensure people see you as a professional and credible business. One such material ideal for your presentation need is the presentation folder.
Presentation folder printing is easy enough to do. It will give your business an attractive presentation so you can make more impact to your target audience. Whatever type of business you have, a nice folder will give you the best finishing touch on your presentation. It will show your target customers that you are a reliable business thereby increase your chance of getting new customers. This will also increase the value not only of your presentation but of your business as well. Your potential customers would most likely keep the folder and even show it to friends or colleagues. In a week or month later, they will remember you and take out the folder in case they are ready to purchase from you.
If considering making your own presentation folder today, here are some facts you need to know:
- All your marketing materials such as the brochure, letter, and business card can be enclosed in the folder all at once. This will help you display your contact details and message in one material so it wouldn?t be hard for your customers and prospects to remember them.
- Whether you are attending a meeting, trade fair, or convention, you can use your folder to support your presentation.
- All materials inside including the folder should contain your logo, business name and contact information. These should be placed in a prominent place to promote brand and name recognition. If done well, these distinctive branding elements will help promote consistency and loyalty with your customers.
- An attractive and colorful image will help make your folder catchy. It will tell the story of your business while supporting the content inside.
- You can include a card slit inside to keep your business card in place.
To ensure that your folder is impressive and credible, the following are simple tips you can consider: - You can create your folder in any size, but the standard size most commonly used by businesses is 9 inches by 12 inches.
- You have to consider the number of pockets or slits you will incorporate in your presentation folder templates. Don?t create a folder that doesn?t have pockets. This won?t keep your materials organized.
- If you will include a lot of files and documents in your folder, it would be best to include a box pocket inside. This will accommodate large quantities of files inside.
- If you need help in designing your folder, your printer would likely give you assistance. Since presentation folders involve a high tech printing process, the printer will ensure everything is set before the final printing began. With your attractive presentation folder, it shouldn?t be hard for you to give your business a good presentation. If you don?t have your own folders today, it?s time you create one today and experience the difference it will do to your business.
Tags: help make, presentation folder templates, marketing materials, target audience, High Tech PRSource: http://www.212articles.com/making-a-good-business-presentation-through-presentation-folders/
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Are you look?ing to suc?ceed in your online busi?ness from home? Have you always wanted to be your own boss? Want to make money from home while spend?ing more time with fam?ily? Are you retired but need some extra?money?
The oppor?tu?ni?ties for home based busi?nesses are pro?lif?er?at?ing in large num?bers these days. The point is that there are sev?eral ways to achieve this, and this arti?cle aims to explain some job oppor?tu?ni?ties on the Inter?net. Some of these meth?ods are com?mon and oth?ers less so, but any of them can afford to live entirely on our online business.
Of course, before mak?ing a deci?sion on the best way that suits us, it is best to invest more in depth each of these sys?tems. One tip I often give the most money they make on the Inter?net, take your time at the research stage and decide in your head, not your heart. With enough ded?i?ca?tion and imag?i?na?tion, you are in the best way to start work?ing from home with your own online business.
Source: http://www.tegoehchuzy.com/ideas-for-working-from-home.html
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